The diploma thesis is focused on the development of critical thinking in the form of the implementation of conceptual maps in the teaching of chemistry. The work consists of theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part contains 5 chapters. The first chapter focuses on the description of the theory of constructivism. The second chapter deals with Ausubel's theory of meaningful learning, and in the third chapter we described creativity. The fourth chapter is focused on the processing of the current state in the field of conceptual maps and their use in the teaching process. In the last chapter of the theoretical part, we briefly present mind maps. The practical part contains chapters devoted to our didactic experiment, methods used in its implementation and also goals of our research. At the end of the work evaluation of our experimental research results occurs. The work also includes sample methodological sheets of lessons and a concept map.