The main goal of the bachelor‘s thesis is to evaluate the possibilities of application of modern analytical methods in the monitoring of chemical factors in work environment. According to the Public Health Authority of the Slovak Republic, chemical factors belong to the second most frequently occurring factors in the work environment. In connection with the exposure of employees to the chemical factors, the thesis provides an overview of their negative effects on the body. To eliminate the emergence of diseases and dangers resulting from these factors, the employer's responsibilities are clarified. It is the employer's duty to comply with the legislation in force, to take precautionary measures to minimize the occurrence of hazardous chemical factors and then to control their occurrence. Appropriate analytical methods and their subsequent application possibilities are described and explained, which are used in practice to ensure occupational safety and health, where exposure to these factors occurs. Frequently used analytical methods include infrared spectroscopy, which is more affordable than Raman spectroscopy. Nowadays, a large number of mobile and stationary gas detectors are available on the market, which are used to measure and signal exceeded limit values. The choice of a suitable detector depends on a number of factors, such as: cost, durability, detection technology, kind of substances detected, hence an overview of some detectors is made in the thesis, taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of their use.