My thesis contains of theoretical resources on bioeconomy representing ongoing contemporary issues. This topic has an evolving nature and is gaining more attention. Bioeconomydefined as basic elements of energy, materials and chemicals derived from sustainable natural resources. This thesis will present on bioeconomy in Europe focusing on conceptual perspective and political spectrum. Considering that this topic is not sufficiently studied and processed by experts in Slovakia, the key factors for my thesis were European sources. Great potential and optimism comes along with the growth of bioeconomy in Europe, however, we can observe considerable compromises and risks as well. The main goal of the thesis was to find out how bioeconomy was perceived and understood by students. The results were summarized in practical part via an anonymous questionnaire survey.