ABSTRACT KUČERA, Marek.: Effect of atmospheric circulation changes in the Northern Hemisphere on the occurrence of prolonged periods of extreme temperatures and precipitation in Slovakia [Diploma thesis], Comenius University in Bratislava. Faculty of Natural Sciences. Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology. Supervisor: Mgr. Marián Melo, PhD. Qualification level: master – Mgr. Bratislava, 2017. ***p The Slovak climate is affected by various teleconnections from low-frequency oscillating modes to long-distance connections related to cryosphere (Arctic sea ice) or hydrosphere (ENSO). Since the mid-20th century, the average temperature in the Arctic region has grown approximately twice as fast as the rest of the world. The Arctic warming is associated with an unprecedented heat of sea ice and changes in circulation leading to more frequent occurrences of extreme temperature and precipitation periods (in our thesis HOT, COLD, WET and DRY periods). They are characterized by increasing persistence. Larger meanders and slower planetary waves from the west to the east lead to the so-called Atmospheric Blocking and changes of jet stream. The aim of the diploma thesis is to analyze the extreme temperature and precipitation periods in Slovakia for years 1961 - 2010 (trends) and 1979 - 2010 (correlations) and to quantify their relative occurrence with 9 changing circulation indices. In addition to the theoretical basis, the thesis contains 3 main parts of outputs for 23 stations in Slovakia (divided into 5 regions) for 28 synoptic situations according to Bradka (1961): 1.) Calculation of frequency coefficients for HOT, COLD, WET and DRY periods in individual seasons and regions including the summary outputs of extremes in synoptic situations 2.) Calculation of trend / regression analyzes of the increase / decrease of annual and seasonal number of days with HOT, COLD, WET and DRY periods, including confirmation / reversal of trend linearity and statistical significance and summary outputs 3.) Calculation of correlation coefficients between 9 circulation indices (temperature in Arctic-TEMP, extent and area of Arctic sea ice (EXTENT and AREA), AO mode, its Euro-Atlantic NAO equivalent, and other 3 low frequency oscillatory modes (EA, EU2 and EU1) and finally the ENSO) and monthly number of days falling under HOT, COLD, WET and DRY periods, including the specification of statistical significance. Key words: climate change, temperature extremes in Europe, precipitation extremes in Europe, jet stream, Arctic amplification, correlation, regression, Slovakia