This MSc thesis is focused on the analysis and prognosis of energy crops most used in Slovakia, which were compared with prices of the fossil commodities. After evaluating the forecast, it was concluded that corn, energy chips and energy wood are the most cost-effective industrial energy crops. From the fossil commodities, brown coal is the most cost-effective raw material for the energy production. With regard to the natural gas, however, we were unable to set the price for the period of the forecast. At the end of the thesis, we evaluated the energy crops and fossil commodities from the ecological viewpoint. Here, we came to the conclusion that natural gas is the most environment-friendly commodity in terms of the content of harmful substances such as solid particles and sulfur oxides that may be produced during the production of heat and electricity. There is a great economic dependence on the use of natural gas from the major producers of this commodity and there is a great number of questions emerging to solve this problem. From the environmental viewpoint of energy crops, the most environment-friendly production of heat and energy represents the combustion of energy wood and wood chips. During the combustion of both straw and corn, there is a higher occurrence of harmful substances in the form of sulfur oxides and solid particles than at the combustion of wood. At the same time, the content of these harmful substances is lower when compared with the coal and oil. The assessment of the price forecast for selected fossil commodities and energy crops revealed that their prices will have an increasing trend during the period of 2019 and 2020. These aspects will result in an increase in the energy prices, regardless the use of fossil commodities or energy crops for the energy production.