Plastic materials are nowadays an inseparable part not only of our homes, but many branches of industry as well. Every building contains plastic cable wiring. Plastic materials belong to flammable materials and that’s why it is neccessary to deal with their properties from the perspective of fire protection and make the effort to decrease the risk of fire threat. This Bachelor thesis focuses on evaluation of plastic materials, which are most frequently used for cable manufacturing, so that is polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene (PE). The thesis mentions general characteristics of these plastics, cable characteristics and a brief description of certian tests of fire cables. Evaluation of plastics and cables on PVC and PE basis is based on acquired knowledge from multiple authors. PVC and PE fire characteristics were compared as well as ignitability of cables on their basis. The result of evaluation shows, that cables set on PE basis have better fire resistance characteristics, they produce significantly less smoke and that’s why they proved to be more suitable from the perspective of fire protection and safety.