Wood-decaying polypores are an important part of settlements mycocenosis. During 2017 - 2020, we recorded 2420 finds of these fungi belonging to 47 taxa in 173 urban and rural settlements in Slovakia, which fructified on 76 taxa of associated woody plants. The common attributes of diversity and selected ecological characteristics of polypores in the settlements of western, central and eastern Slovakia include a relatively balanced number of determined taxa of polypores, more intensive fructification in urban settlements compared to rural settlements, higher proportion of saprotrophs and fructification of polypores in all categories of residential vegetation throughout Slovakia, most intensive in the "public space" category. Among the different attributes we include the number of determined taxa of associated woody plants and significantly more intensive fructification of some taxa in eastern Slovakia. Genetically nonhomogeneous taxon Fomes fomentarius s.l. also representatives of the genus Ganoderma prefer urban settlements, in rural settlements they fructify with less intensity. F. fomentarius s.l. does not prefer any ecophysiological group, Ganoderma applanatum and G. adspersum prefer saprotrophy, G. pfeifferi and G. resinaceum colonization of living woody plants. The sequences of three molecular markers, namely internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), partial translation elongation factor (tef1-alpha) region and partial 25S large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (25S LSU rRNA), as well as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI–TOF MS) were obtained and used to evaluate the genetic variability of Ganoderma resinaceum. All these analyses confirm the existence of two previously unrecognized types = genotypes (probably cryptic species) within the morphospecies.