The thesis is focused on the viability of pollen and the mercury content in the needles of Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestnis L.) from the three different localities, situated in urban and rural environment. Each locality is represented by 5 sampling trees. Two of the studied localities are situated in Michalovce (Eastern Slovakia) and represent the city center and city periphery. The third locality, representing the rural environment, is situated in Bohdanky, the gardening region that is a part of the Klokočov village in the vicinity of the water reservoir Zemplínska Šírava. The samples of pollen were obtained in the spring periods of 2017 and 2018. The pollen viability was assessed under in vitro conditions, using the percentage of germinating pollen grains and the length of the growing pollen tubes. The samples were observed and evaluated after 24, 48 and 72 hours of cultivation on 1 % agarose medium with the addition of 10 % sucrose.The mean percentages of the viable pollen grains were the highest in the samples from the country. In other two cases, the mean values were lower and the differences between localities (city center vs. periphery) did not show any apparent trend. Contrariwise, the mean length of pollen tubes were the lowest (although without the statistical significance) in the samples from the urban environment (city periphery), whereas in other two localities (representing city center and country), the measured values were higher but very similar to each other.The degree of anthropogenic pollution was assessed by means of the measurements of the mercury content in the needles of Scotch pine. The sampling of needles was carried out in 2018. The needles and pollen grains were obtained from the same trees. Our results showed that the relatively highest mercury content is characteristic of pine trees from city periphery, i.e. from the locality with the lowest mean length of the pollen tubes. Contrariwise, the mercury content was the relatively lowest in samples from rural environment, i.e. from the locality with the highest percentage of viable pollen grains.