The bachelor thesis deals with various options of use how analytical methods are applied and which ones are suitable for forensic analysis of samples from the environment by qualitative and quantitative methods. The thesis presents analytical chemistry as a scientific discipline, outlining its history from the times of alchemy up to nowadays' methods of instrumental analysis. The paper provides a detailed overview and classification of analytical methods, such as qualitative, quantitative and structural methods. A part of the thesis deals with usage of physical and physical-chemical methods (also calle instrumental methods) which have significant usage in forensic analysis; this is a well-known fact acknowledged by literary sources research. Based on literary research, there are described various ways how gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography and other instrumental methods in forensic evidence can be applied to acknowledge the presence of toxic contaminants in environmental samples or in forensic samples such as odorology.