The main goal of the diploma thesis was in the context of climate change to analyze the issue of illegal landfills in the Slovak Republic and in selected municipalities in the district of Rimavská Sobota to develop proposals for their elimination. The diploma thesis consists of a theoretical and application part. The theoretical part of the work raised the current issues of the environment and global climate change. Priority was given to the topic of waste management, focusing on the presentation of legislation in the EU and in the Slovak Republic, clarification of basic concepts and activities, entities, but also documentation in the field of waste management in the Slovak Republic. Subsequently, a key chapter was prepared, focusing on selected issues of waste management. Specifically, the classification of waste and its hazardous properties, waste production and landfill issues were processed here. In connection with the unauthorized disposal of waste, it was pointed out in particular the emerging illegal landfills and their negative impact on the environment, but also on the starting points and thus the possibilities of their disposal. The application part of the work addressed the issue of illegal landfills in ten municipalities in the district of Rimavská Sobota. Part of the research took place in the field in September 2019, but only in a few municipalities. Attention was paid to collecting the necessary information and photo documentation for individual identified illegal landfills. The anonymous questionnaire and the questions in it were compiled purposefully, sent out in printed and electronic form. The results of the work were analyzed and graphically represented. Based on them, specific proposals were developed to improve management in the field of waste management and the removal of illegal landfills in individual municipalities.