Substances such as pesticides and fertilizers are used in agriculture to improve the quality and quantity of vegetation. Some of them are of dangerous nature upon the initial contact, while some of them are stable, without dangerous nature, but eventually dangerous under certain conditions. Several serious accidents have been caused by mishandling of pesticides and fertilizers, whether in their manufacture, transport or manipulation with them. Therefore it is very important to know how to handle individual chemicals. The objective of this thesis is to acquaint with the chemicals for vegetation protection and nutrition from the point of view of the risk resuling from their chemical composition. It is necessary to know how to handle such substances in order to avoid threat to persons, animals, death as well as environmental damages or destruction. Their fire safety characteristics is also important for the employees, but also for fire-fighters. In the thesis, substances are compared from the point of view of their dangerousness, pesticides: Mustang Forte, Karate Zeon, Priaxor, Butisan Complete, Pictor and fertilizers: Ammonium nitrate, NPK, Urea, Superphosphate, Saletrosan.