The thesis deals with the analysis of occupational risks in forestry and their impact on health. We dedicated our employees to branches in Rimavská Sobota and Revúca, and to employees doing work activities in their territorial scope - both in their employment relationship with labor suppliers and natural persons authorized to do business who do not employ any employees. We focused on the period 2000 - 2018. In the first part of the thesis we focused our attention on a detailed description of the various harmful factors of the working environment affecting the emergence of occupational diseases among employees working in the forest. We followed the development of the situation in selected activities in the forestry sector from the time when the activities of the state enterprise employees were carried out to the present day, when mining and cultivation activities are a priority especially for self-employed persons and companies doing business in this area. The aim of the work was to compare the working conditions of employees and self-employed persons. In the practical part, we analyzed occupational diseases, their causes and sources of harmful factors associated with occupational diseases. Occupational self-employment has an increasing trend in occupational diseases. Most occupational diseases occur in the profession of sawmills. Vibration disease accounted for up to 65% of all the diseases reported in the study population. The amount of production in individual years 2010 - 2018 per worker is stable and is at the level of 850 m3. Restoration of the mechanization means used in the forest is insufficient. Employees of the state enterprise Lesy SR, š.p., use mechanization means, whose age ranges from 22.4 years. In conclusion, this work includes our insights and suggestions for preventing occupational disease and possible systemic changes. A decisive measure against damage to health from vibration is to reduce the daily exposure so that the maximum permissible values are not exceeded and regular interruptions are included.