The bachelor´s thesis focuses on providing information about the most used materials in construction, the change of their physical, chemical and mechanical properties in case of a fire and about currently available means used for fire protection of building structures. The first part focuses on the characteristics of building materials, description of testing methods and evaluation of building materials in terms of fire protection and division of fire protection systems and their functions, too. The second part characterises fire protection means for individual types of building constructions available in Slovakia including their trade names. The goal of this bachelor´s thesis is to provide an overview of the currently available or used fire protections means used for different types of building structures with their trade names on the Slovak market. fire protection, building material, building structures, fire retardants, fire protection system, fireproof coating, fireproof linings, fireproof plaster, fire resistance, reaction-to-fire