We build houses, housing units, sports halls, shopping centres as a long-term and lifelong investment. Therefore, the choice of the building material is the most important part in the building process. Wood has been a traditional, and acontemporary material used. In addition to its excellent structural and technological properties, in the building constructions it also has not very positive characteristics and that is its flammability and the low resistance when attacked by biological vermin. With respect to this, the thesis is focused on the protection of wood, especially from the firefighting aspect. It consists of theoretical and practical part.The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the information about wood, its properties, usage, fire-technical characteristics and the ways of protection against its vermin. The practical part is the summary of the methods and the evaluation of experimental works aimed at the assessment of the fire protection impact in combination with biological protection, to change the fire-technical characteristics of spruce wood.Specifically, there are included the results of weight loss and ignition time of spruce samples, which were used to evaluate the effect of aging, along with the changing concentration as well as the climatic conditions on the effectiveness of the HR-prof retardant applied in combination with the fungicidal-insecticide Krovsan on the mentioned spruce samples. The results are evaluated and compared in terms of the weight loss, ignition time, while the best result from the fire protection angle, aging impact, climatic conditions and the concentration of protective coating was reached by spruce samples, where w the HR – prof in 100% concentration was applied.