The graduation thesis is focused on the analysis of causes of fires in the area of homestead housing in Slovakia in years 2009-2013. At first we deal with general information about buildings, obligations of legal and natural person (business) in the segment of fire protection, fire inspection and controls, and so we arrived to the center gravity of the graduation thesis. The main objective of thesis is obtain, process and subsequently analyse information with regard to the most often causes of fires in sector of homestead housing in a reference period. The analysis is evaluated separately for houses and flats. The elaborated analysis is also the most often causes of fires in the Czech republic with comparing with the Slovak republic. In conclusion proposals are made of fire-technical measures to reduce the number of fires depending analysed the most often causes of fires in the years 2009 - 2013 in Slovakia.