The main aim of the diploma thesis was the comparison of mollusc communities in three selected types of habitats in Poľana mountain forests, with regard to their economic use. The research was held in 63 localities that included 20 localities of economically used spruce forests and 23 localities of economically used beech forests in comparison with 20 selected localities in the Zadná Poľana National Nature Reserve. Samples have been taken from each type of forest stand over the course of three vegetation periods and subsequently processed under laboratory conditions. In total, we recorded 62 different mollusc species. The most occurred species in all types of stands was P. pygmaeum. We found out that the three types of stands studied differed significantly in the average number of species detected as well as in final Shannon diversity index (ANOVA, F2,60 = 9,22; p < 0,001, or F2,60 = 5,13; p = 0,008). The greatest variety of malacocoenoses was found in the Zadná Poľana National Nature Reserve localities followed by beech forest localities. On the other hand, the smallest variety of species has been recorded in spruce forests. The impact of the forest management could be observed in the composition of malacocoenoses. The species composition differed significantly in each of the three types of stands (perMANOVA, pseudo-F = 5,13; p < 0,001). The greatest deviation from the typical species composition was recorded in the economically used spruce forests followed by economically used beech forests which provide molluscs with better conditions than spruce forests – which are not indigenous and quite unnatural in this area. If we compare the natural stands localities of the National Nature Reserve with the economically used localities, we can prove that the forest management has a visible impact on the Poľana malacocoenoses. It is necessary to take such actions that would lead to sustainable management in these forest areas.