In this diploma thesis is processed and published data of quantitative features of fine roots, basic morphology of the root system, significance and function of roots, their comparison each other, evaluation and analysis. Also is included a description of the anatomical structures of individual roots, species and distribution of basic root types of vascular plants and root system of trees. One of the primary aims was the root sampling of yew (Taxus baccata L.) as a natural seed limited to high 10 cm due to used methodology, which was sample in mixed hardwood stands in orographic region “Starohorské vrchy“ on LS Uľanka, (Mestské lesy Banská Bystrica) northwest of Banská Bystrica. Samples of natural regeneration of yew was processed in laboratory. After the laboratory work was made software analysis and statistical evaluation of values. The next aims, which enable the derivation of their interrelationships and dependencies of these characters and subsequent comparison of dependencies between variables are evaluation constant weight of root system, above-ground parts and assimilation parts of the plant, branching and count terminusof the root system, lenght, surface and volume of root system and diameter structure of root.