Thesis dealing with the issues of recoil shotguns, its impact and physiological influence on the shooter. At the beginning it devote basic distribution of weapons, with additional focus on shotguns, their major parts and shotgun shells. Briefly characterize course of the shot and ballistics. In work is further described recoil, its course, characteristics and influencing factors. Foreign literature describing the result of recoil injury was treated too. The aim of work was, by measuring the surface temperature of skin on shooter’s shoulder and cheek, before and instantly after shooting, using thermal imagining camera record negative effect of recoil on the shooter. Besides this, was by questionnaires surveyed basic data by each shooter. In first it was data about shooters (body height, weight, number of years of holding a gun license, injuries of shoulder from the past). In the second questionnaire was surveyed subjective assessment of pain sensation and intensity of recoil. Work at the end compare daily limits of the number of shots from shooters found by us, suitability of used weapon and ammunition to sport shooting with regard to the negative effect on shooters.