AbstractDiploma thesis deals with the problematics of traditional log cabin constructions. In the introduction of the thesis individual types of log cabin constructions and also used insulating materials by their building are summarized. The thesis focuses mainly on the observation and comparison of two types of log cabin constructions of peripheral walls, namely the construction made from logs (Canadian log cabin) and the construction made from prismatic worked wood (Slovak cottage). On these two different made samples of log cabin wall the experiment was conducted by means of radiant source of warmth, where we examined fire resistance of both log cabin wall and the used insulating material in the given sample at given time. The results of our thesis are focused on the evaluation and comparison of fire resistance of individual log cabin samples in the place of loading gaps, which are the most likely to spread fire. In our experiment the samples are exposed to radiant source of warmth during 45 minutes, while log wall preserved its resistance and entirety during this time. Log cabin sample made from prisms, stressed also by radiant source of warmth, was exposed to the source during 35 minutes, while at this time explosion occured because of the crack on prismatic joist. Therefore we had to end our experiment for security reasons, but in spite of that we think that also this sample would preserve its resistance and entirety even for the period of 45 minutes.