The aim of this diploma thesis was to find out the differences in physico-chemical and microbial soil properties, between three different managed areas, during three seasons of a years. Soil samples were taken in spring, summer and autumn in 2016, in the meadow, in the forest and on the cropland. At each plot we took 5 samples from the top A-horizon. In the laboratory among the physico-chemical characteristics we determined for each soil sample soil moisture, exchange and active soil reaction, the total content of C, N, S and C/N ratio. Among microbial characteristics we determined catalase activity, basal respiration, diversity index and richness of functional groups of microorganisms, microbial biomass and N-mineralization. We statistically processed the results using Duncan's tests and F-test. The cropland soil was different from the other two in all characteristics, except of the soil reaction, with the lowest value in forest. The lowest C/N ratio had the meadow area. Meadow and forest soils did not differ distinctly in the other characteristics. The seasons had an impact on soil moisture, C/N ratio, N-mineralization, basal respiration, catalase activity, richness and diversity of functional groups of soil microorganisms.