Flooring is an important part of every building. On the present, high emphasis is placed on quality, durability, environmental friendliness, and last but not least, on fire safety. To meet all of these requirements, manufacturers are constantly looking for and developing new materials that have both advantages and disadvantages. The experimental part of the diploma thesis was focused on evaluation and comparison of floor materials: floor coverings - wood, laminate flooring, linoleum, PVC and floor fabrics - polypropylene and polyamide carpets, from the point of view of fire protection and safety. Samples of seven types of flooring materials were tested using a conical calorimeter method in accordance with STN ISO 5660-1 (1997). The evaluation criteria were time to ignition, maximum heat release rate, effective heat, amount of released smoke and loss of mass of material during burning. From the measurement, we found that the best results in the overall assessment were the wood floor coverings except the weight loss and the time to the ignition. The highest maximum heat release rate for linoleum was up to 368.13 kW / m2. The longest ignition time was measured for the laminate floor covering for 287 seconds. Floor textiles have reached the times of ignition between 49th and 96th second. The most unfavorable results for the amount of released smoke were measured in samples of PVC floor coverings and polyolefin carpet with values above 810 m2 / m2.