At present, research projects are being carried out all around the world to find out the presence and rate of hybridization between dogs and wolves. The work is divided into two parts. The first section provides basic information about the wolf from its evolution to domestication and the current differences between wolves and dogs, whether morphological or genetic. The second part describes the procedure and results. We analyzed the tissues and hair of 216 individuals, namely wolves, dogs and jackals with the aim to examine their genetic differentiation and reveal possible hybridization. Of the original 30 microsatellite loci we examined we used 26 for further analysis, three of which were excluded because of a large amount of missing data. Thanks to the performed analyzes we were able to determine the basic characteristics of the genetic variability of the studied species as well as the genetic structure of the wolves.