This diploma thesis offers a survey (review) of industrial robots and manipulators. It deals with their structural solutions - drive units, grippers, sensors and hardware and control software. The thesis consists of two main parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is focused on the distribution of industrial robots and manipulators, their characteristics, with focusing on pneumatical manipulators. The practical part is suggested on the pneumatic manipulator, which will be used in a small machine shop. It is suggested the constructions with individual components with provide movement, kinematics and the pneumatical part of the manipulator. The 3D model of the manipulator is created in the Solid Works program.