The work deals with the issue of fire safety of road tunnels and its aim is to familiarize the reader with the degree of seriousness of the issue as well as to describe methods of evacuation of people and assessment methods of escape routes. For a better understanding, this methodology is applied to a practical example where we have assessed the escape routes of Branisko tunnel according to technical conditions TP 13/2015: Road tunnel fire safety. The task of the work was also to highlight the importance of practical checking of the escape routes prior to launching the tunnel through tactical exercises. Finally, we compared the requirements for escape routes on the territory of Slovakia and abroad and evaluated the direction of the legislation development in this area. The results of the assessment showed that the Branisko tunnel would not meet the requirements for escape routes, according to the currently valid regulations, and that all the established principles must be observed when building new tunnels. In addition, we have confirmed the fact that practical verification of escape routes brings many improvements and shortcomings are removed in time. We also propose a unification of legislation, at least for the countries of the European Union, in order to achieve the same level of safety on the road within Europe.