The main topic of the thesis is to determine the use of wood and wood composites in load-bearing structures and the architecture of today's buildings. Design of a family house based on solid wood panels is a part of the thesis. Moreover, its energy efficiency is proved as well. The introduction is devoted to the use of wood in building structures, history and development of first dwellings and their design. Another part of the thesis focuses on grading and selecting the suitable wood for direct construction purposes or for further processing and evaluation of wood as a composite material. The second chapter deals with the issue of composite materials, division of wood-based composites, their development and origin. In the following sections, wood-based engineered boards, especially cross-laminated timber panels (CLT) are described in more detail. Summarizing all features, from the history, development, production technology and world production offers a comprehensive overview of this structural material. Definition of the Novatop structural system from cross-laminated timber panels with individually defined elements of the assortment as well as their physical and mechanical properties are the main points of this section. Effective details of the construction solution and the use of Novatop construction system in structures are mentioned in the thesis. The following chapter deals with a specific design of a family house, a description of its concept and structural system. The last chapter of the thesis is aimed at the detailed analysis of all compositions and the thermal and technical properties of the materials. Moreover, the energy assessment of the construction of a family house with demonstration of energy efficiency with a classification of nearly zero energy standard are described in this chapter as well.