The soil structure, especially the spatial arrangement of individual particles, their aggregates and pores, plays a multifaceted key role in performance factors of crop and vegetation (Letey, 1985; Hamblin, 1986; Passioura, 1991; Brussaard and Kooistra, 1993). These factors include not only physical and physical-chemical processes and the effects of biological activity that affects soil use and weather, but also management practices (soil tillage, drainage, irrigation, fertilization and mulching) designed to create and maintain optimal conditions for environment, rooting and intake of nutrients.The submitted thesis deals with the investigation of the impact of soil structure on selected types of vegetable species and their varieties. The research was carried out under the conditions of the Vegetable Sampler of the Department of Vegetable Production on the areas belonging to the Botanical Garden at SPU in Nitra, where selected types of organic additives were mixed into four equally large areas of soil variations. Organic additives were applied at exactly calculated doses, and consisted of variants of MH + K, MH, Compost, and Control - no additives were applied.As model crops were selected two vegetable species, namely carrots (Romosa varieties, Kamaran F1 and Komarno F1) and cabbage (Kamienna Glow and Portoza F1 varieties).The changes in soil structure in individual variants were monitored, especially in relation to the percentage represenation of 7 studied soil fractions (<0.25 mm,> 0.25 mm,> 0.5 mm,> 1 mm,> 2 mm,> 3 mm) ,> 5 mm) determined by the WSA method for spring and autumn harvesting. In addition, we were observing selected qualitative and quantitative parameters of model crops. From the point of view of qualitative parameters, carrots were evaluated according to total carotenoid content, refractomertical dry matter, dry matter, and the proportion of root quality classes. Quantitative parameters contained evaluation of the total yields of carrot varieties. For cabbages and their varieties, research was aimed at assessing total yields and refractometric dry matter content.